Hard Water
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Hard WaterCalcium carbonate is compound known as "limestone" and has been called by geologist "calcite". Limestone is generated from carbonate sedimentation of nature water sources. (Back) |
Hard water presents high limestone contamination, most of the case will be calcium ion or magnicium ion. Limestone can be applied to various construction; road, rail way, cement, lime, heat resistance material, fertilizer, paint, etc. Beside that, chlorine causes water hardness. There are two kinds of water hardness;
- Temporary water hardness refers to water contaminated by calcium carbonate(limestone). We are able to test whether there is contamination of limestone by boiling water, the positive result is white sediment coats inside water container, the white sediment is known as dregs.
CaCO3(s) + H2CO3(aq) <===> Ca2+(aq) + 2HCO3-(aq) + H2CO3(aq)
This chemical equation explaims how dregs is generated. Carbonic acid is product from the formation of water molecule and carbondioxide gas. When carbondioxide is reduced by boiling process, it causes carbonic to be reduce. This affects chemical equation balance where calcium carbonate will be increase.
- Permanent water hardness can't be get rid off easily. it is caused by mainly calcium sulfate and magnisium sulfate contamination. As we boil this kind of solution, the solubility of these substances will be higher. Thus, we can't get rid of permanent water hardness by boiling process.